The RePEc Blog

This post is the last in a series on the new enrichment facility on Socionet.

When you are logged into the Socionet system and browse a publication that is not one of yours, you will see close to the bottom of the page the following three menus

The first one allows readers, if they are registered authors with publications linked to their personal profiles, to check a paper from the list of own claimed papers and select a taxonomy value at the drop-down list “Relationship type” in such a form

For this use case we support a taxonomy of recommendations or just useful comments that can be provided by a reader  to the author of the browsed paper based on a content of some publication of the reader. The taxonomy has following values:

You can apply software that I used
Your results are analysed in my publication
Your idea/method/model/results are itemized in my publication
Your data/method/model/results are illustrated in my publication
Your results are interpreted in my publication
My data/method/model are better
Your idea/method/model/results are generalized in my publication
A similar problem is discussed in my publication
Your results are refuted in my publication
I received the same results
Your idea/method/model are implemented in my work
Your errors are detected and corrected in my publication

The second menu is called the “Scientific developments and associations with this publications“. It opens the same form. The taxonomy in this case allows a user to specify the development and complement relationships between a user paper and the currently browsed paper. This taxonomy has been already used in some other use cases and has following values:

uses data from
uses method from
uses a model from
uses software from
uses statistics from
details idea/method/model from
generalizes idea/method/model from
implements idea/method/model from
analyzes results from
illustrates results from
interprets results from
corrects errors in
refines results from
refutes results from
develops results from

The third menu option is called the “Professional opinion on this publication“. It allows readers sharing with the community their opinions about the browsed paper. It opens the same form and provides the same taxonomy as described for the use case of the annotating paper’s abstract. But in this case a user does not need to select a text fragment within an a paper’s abstract to open the form.

This post is part of a series about the new enrichment facility at Socionet.

RePEc users can use now some new tools and services, which forms together following ecosystem:

A. If a user is logged into the Socionet system, which processes whole RePEc dataset, the user can create different types of semantic linkages between papers, personal profiles, etc. This new users’ facility is illustrated by following main use cases:

1. A user can specify the roles of their co-authorship in the making of a collective paper.

2. A user can annotate text fragments of a paper’s abstract to provide readers with additional and/or newer information on the topic.

3. A user can link their papers together, e.g. to provide information about its open access or newest versions; and to show to readers an evolution of ideas or a development of approaches through a set of own papers.

4. A user can contribute data on how the works referenced in their paper are used.

5. A user can share their professional opinion, or make recommendations, comments  about relationships between their papers and the one that is currently browsed.

B. All user-created outgoing and ingoing semantic linkages are visualized on the paper page together with initial metadata of the paper.

C. All created semantic linkages are processed by the Socionet system on the everyday base to collect statistical data and to build different scientometric indicators. For personal and organizational profiles the statistics are aggregated by links between OrgUnit <-> Person <-> Paper. Such indicators are available for every paper (example), personal (example) or organizational (example) profile. And also for every RePEc archive and series.

D. The community of RePEc user can create new and develop already existed taxonomy of scientific relationships which are used in tools to create semantic linkages. The same they can propose new use cases of using this technique over RePEc dataset. Please send such proposals to me or leave it in comments.

E. The registered users can switch on the e-mail notification service, which will inform them when someone creates/modifies a semantic linkage with their papers, or when someone is changing papers that the user linked together, and so on.

F. Developers of RePEc services can harvest and use the data of all created semantic linkages. The data are freely available by three ways: 1) by FTP from the Socionet server; 2) by OAI-PMH protocol with CERIF output format; 3) by REST API in XML form.

This post is part of an ongoing series on the enrichment facility at Socionet.

The Socionet system uses the CitEc data about citations and similar internal data. When the citation data for a paper is available, Socionet displays a reference list for the currently browsed paper. The list is limited to publications that are available at RePEc or at Socionet. This list may look like this

In the list there may be two sections: a) referenced papers claimed as own by author(s) of this paper; b) papers of other authors or unclaimed papers.

If you are logged into the system and browsed one of your papers, on the right you will see a link “[+]” for each reference. This link opens the form to specify your motives of using the paper you referenced

This form is the same as in other enrichment use cases. The difference is the taxonomy available for you in the “Relationship type” drop-down menu. For this specific use case the taxonomy supports relationships of development and complement between two papers, which was used in the papers’ abstract annotation use case and has following values:

uses data from
uses method from
uses a model from
uses software from
uses statistics from
details idea/method/model from
generalizes idea/method/model from
implements idea/method/model from
analyzes results from
illustrates results from
interprets results from
corrects errors in
refines results from
refutes results from
develops results from

After making such enrichment the reference list of a publication may look for readers like this

The data added  by the author about citation motivations is highlighted by yellow-color background as seen above. Pointing a mouse on it, you may see a pop-up comment if it was provided. The link allows viewing detailed data about the linkage that was created in this case.

This post is part of a continuing series on the new enrichment facility at Socionet.

If you logged into the Socionet system and browse your own papers, you will see to the right of the paper’s full text link the text: “Create a link to a related paper of yours?”

Or if your paper’s metadata does not have a full text link, you will see this

If you click on this menu the following form for the linkage creation will open

In this form under the field “Comments” you will see a list of all your claimed publications (on the example above – my list of publications). You have to check one of your publications in this list that has a relationship to another of your papers currently opened in a browser. Then you have to select a specific type of the relation between these two papers from the drop-down list the “Relationship type“. Optionally you can also enter some comments. To end the linkage creation press the “Save” button.

Currently we provide two taxonomy classes for selecting a relationship type between papers belonged to the same author.

One of these taxonomy supports following types of linkages among versions and components of a research publication:

author’s version (manuscript) for
open access version for
version with slight changes for
version with minor changes for
substantially revised version for
revised or new version for
duplicated copy for
presentation of
part of
abstract for
table of contents for
foreword for
bibliography for

The four last values listed above (starting with the “abstract for”) intend for supporting the emerging practice of sharing with the community “units of thought”, e.g. research artifacts, micro-publications, nano-publications, etc.

The second taxonomy supports relationship types of development and complement between research outputs like these:

uses data from
uses method from
uses a model from
uses software from
uses statistics from
details idea/method/model from
generalizes idea/method/model from
implements idea/method/model from
analyzes results from
illustrates results from
interprets results from
corrects errors in
refines results from
refutes results from
develops results from

Linkages you create are visualized on web pages of both linked papers’ metadata as additional information and in a form of a navigation graph of linkages.

This post is part of a continuing series on the new enrichment facility at Socionet.

After logging into the Socionet system you can annotate the abstract (if it is present) on any paper available at RePEc or Socionet. You can, however, not create a new abstract. The annotated paper’s abstract may look like this

The annotated fragment of the abstract highlighted by yellow background color are made by the author. If a non-author creates an annotation the annotated text will be on a pink background. The text of an annotation is a pop-up. It appears if you point your mouse on the annotated text fragment. All annotations on the paper are listed at the right with links to detailed views of the annotation data.

If you want to create a new annotation just select a text fragment within an abstract of a paper. You will see an icon to open a form to create an annotation. This form looks very much the same as shown and described in the previous note.

There is only one difference. If you are  the author of the paper whose abstract you are annotating you will have in the drop-down list “Relationship type” only the value “no relationship“. But if you are annotating the paper is not yours, in this list you will have a taxonomy called “Professional opinions and evaluation”.

We provide the following set of initial values for this taxonomy:

responds positively to
innovative result
very interesting result
turning point for the science development
best, most relevant on the subject
responds negatively to
unscientific approach
potentially dangerous effect
result based on confusion
suspected plagiarism

From technical point of view all created annotations exist in the Socionet system as semantic linkages (see the example), where the source object of the linkage is the personal profile of the linkage’s author, the target object is the paper which abstract is annotated and the semantic of the linkage is a value from the listed above taxonomy or the “no relationship” value.

This post is part of a series on the new facility at Socionet that allows authors to enrich their profiles.

From the previous post you know how to log into the Socionet system to enhance the data about your papers.

This post provides detailed instructions on how to make a specific type of enrichment. For any of your papers with co-authors, you can add information about your role(s) in making this collective research output. The final result of such enrichment can look like this.

Between the paper’s title and authorship data, the Socionet system inserts three types of supplementary information: 1) person names of those with a profile, including a link to the profile itself; 2) the number of publications that this person also claimed, with a link to the list of these publications; 3) list of roles in preparing this paper that are claimed by the person, including pop-up comments to the role (if any), and links to the detailed view of the added data.

If you would like to do the same for your publications available at RePEc and Socionet you have to find your paper in the Socionet system. You log into the system (if not yet in), and you will see at the right: “You are one of … authors. Claim your role?”

Clicking on this text you open this form to specify your data

In the form field “Comments” you can provide some additional text explanation for the reader. This text will be pop-up on the users’ screen when they point their mouse on this link.

The drop-down list “Relationship type” contains taxonomy values applicable for the current use case. See below how taxonomy classifies author roles.

For RePEc Author Service users the drop-down list “Save in collection” contains a name of a single personal storage provided by the Socionet system for the user making linkages. Users who logged in the system by their login to the Socionet Personal Zone (not the same as RePEc Author Service short-ID) can create many collections with different names for storing their linkages. In that case the names of these collections will be available for selection in the “Save in collection” drop-down list.

The buttons “Save“, “Cancel” and the link “Help” work here as usual.

This form is used at the Socionet system in different places and these cases only differ by the list of values in the “Relationship type” drop-down list. For specifying author roles we provide the taxonomy published by the CRediT project that we slightly modified.

Using this taxonomy we made the controlled semantic vocabulary called the “Taxonomy of researchers contributions to collaborative research output“. The vocabulary is available in English and Russian languages. It is English version consists of the following author roles:

Manuscript preparation: writing the initial draft
Manuscript preparation: visualization/data presentation
Manuscript preparation: critical review, commentary or revision
Performing the experiments
Methodology development
Study conception
Investigation: data/evidence collection
Computation
Resources provision
Formal analysis
Data curation
Project administration
Supervision
Funding acquisition

This semantic vocabulary exists at Socionet as a collection of roles as listed above. This list can be easily updated and developed according users’ requests and testing results. Our approach also allows for users to create their own semantic vocabularies (i.e.. taxonomies) and to propose them to the community for using it together or instead of an already existing taxonomy.

The CRediT project has launched a survey  to collect opinions about this taxonomy. We are going to use their updates for improving the semantic vocabulary at Socionet.

From a technical point of view when a user specifies the author role she/he creates a linkage where the source object of the linkage is the user’s personal profile, the target object is the paper whose metadata is being enriched and the semantic of the linkage is a taxonomy value classifying the author role.

This approach allows tracing, aggregating and processing data about author roles in some statistical diagram, e.g. like this one from the linkage statistics page built by the Socionet system for every personal profile –

On the left side of the diagram there is the distribution of roles of some particular author. On the right side there is the distribution of roles specified by all co-authors of this author.